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Optimal production strategy for auto manufacturers with government subsidies in competitive environments

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0261-5

摘要： Using the Hotelling model and evolutionary game theory, this paper studies the optimal production strategy of duopoly auto manufacturers and explores the impacts of two government policies (manufacturer and consumer subsidies) on strategies related to the production of electric vehicles (EVs) or fuel vehicles (FVs). The study finds that consumers’ environmental preferences have direct effects on manufacturers’ market shares and profits, which in turn, affect the manufacturers’ production strategy selection. Specifically, when consumer environmental preference is sufficiently high, both auto manufacturers will eventually choose to produce EVs; when it is moderate, only one with a cost advantage will choose to produce EVs. Finally, when it is low, neither auto manufacturer will produce EVs. The findings further reveal that the more significant the difference in EV production costs is, the more inclined auto manufacturers are to choose a different final stable strategy. Regardless of whether the government subsidizes manufacturers or consumers, the policy only works if subsidies reach a certain threshold. The study also identifies the conditions under which government subsidies are considered more cost-effective.

关键词： supply chain management low-carbon emission electric vehicle subsidy evolutionary game theory

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Economics analysis of food waste treatment in China and its influencing factors

Ting Chen, Yingying Zhao, Xiaopeng Qiu, Xiaoyan Zhu, Xiaojie Liu, Jun Yin, Dongsheng Shen, Huajun Feng

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1325-y

摘要： Abstract • Economics of food waste treatment projects at 29 pilot cities in China was examined. • Roles of location, population size, processing technique, and income were studied. • Economic benefits were limited with a profit to cost ratio of 0.08±0.37. • Service population size affects construction economics significantly (P = 0.016). • Choice of food waste processing technique affects operating economics notably. This study examines the economic benefits of food waste treatment projects in China and factors affecting them. National-level pilot projects for food waste treatment located in 29 cities were selected as samples. The economics of food waste recycling from the investors’ perspective, in terms of investment during the construction phase and cost and benefit during the operation phase, was assessed. Results indicate that the average tonnage investment of food waste treatment projects was RMB 700.0±188.9 thousand yuan, with a profit to cost ratio of 0.08±0.37. This ratio increased to 0.95±0.57 following the application of government subsidies. It highlights the limited economic benefits of food waste treatment facilities, which rely on government subsidies to maintain their operations in China. Further analysis using a multi-factor analysis model revealed that regional location, service population size, processing techniques, and urban income exerted varying impacts on the economy of food waste treatment. Population size exerted the highest impact (P = 0.016) during the construction stage, and processing techniques notably influenced the project economy during the operation stage. The study highlights the need to prioritize service population size and processing techniques during economic decision-making and management of food waste recycling projects. The results of this study can serve as a valuable practical reference for guiding future policies regarding food waste treatment and related planning.

关键词： Recycling economics Cost-benefit Food waste treatment Subsidy Food waste economy Circular economy

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战略性新兴产业国外经典政策工具分析——政府采购与补贴政策

许冠南,王秀芹,潘美娟,周源

《中国工程科学》 2016年第18卷第4期页码 113-120 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2016.04.017

摘要：

当前，战略性新兴产业已经成为一国产业结构升级和抢占世界经济发展制高点的关键，世界各国纷纷将新兴产业的发展提升到国家战略高度，应用各种政策工具大力推动新兴产业加速发展。研究国外为促进新兴产业发展做出的重要举措对我国制定相应政策具有重要的借鉴作用。本文重点分析了发达国家为了推进新兴产业发展所采用的政府采购与政府补贴两种经典政策工具，以期为我国培育发展战略性新兴产业提供参考。

关键词：新兴产业政策工具政府采购政府补贴产业政策分析